Banana Peels as Alternative Toothpaste

Hydrogen peroxide is a bleaching agent with antimicrobial effects [Gaffar, 1997] that has been used historically, at high concentrations, for the treatment of severe gingivitis. It is an effective bleaching agent that can penetrate enamel to bleach intrinsic stains. Papain is a naturally occurring enzyme that dissolves protein. There is some evidence to show that the combination of papain and citrate can remove superficial tooth staining.Sodium tripolyphosphate (STP) slows the growth of crystals and so inhibits the formation and growth of hard deposits of mineralized plaque (calculus). [Kohut et al., 1997] At higher concentrations, STP breaks down the stain matrix. It does this by removing calcium bridges between the stain molecules and surface proteins on the teeth, making the stain easier to remove.ABRASIVESAbrasives in toothpaste help remove stains and plaque as well as polish teeth. Common abrasives include silica and calcium carbonate. Toothpaste should be abrasive enough to rem ove plaque and stains, but not so abrasive as to damage tooth enamel.TOOTH DESENSITISING INGREDIENTSPotassium nitrate is used in products to reduce hypersensitivity from exposed dentinal surfaces. Strontium – agents based on strontium reduce the pain from sensitive teeth by blocking the tubules in the exposed dentine.FLAVOURS AND GUMSFlavours – the natural oils and flavours used in oral healthcare products include wintergreen, eucalyptus oil, menthol and thymol. It has been suggested that natural oils may work by reducing the levels of bacterial toxins in the plaque. [Mandel 1988] Gums – various gums are used to thicken toothpaste, but also to retain moisture, so the toothpaste does not dry out if the top is not replaced.CARIES PREVENTIVE INGREDIENTSFluoride may be included in oral health products in many forms, including sodium fluoride (NaF), sodium monofluorophosphate, amine fluoride and stannous fluoride. Fluoride strengthens the teeth against caries by maki ng the enamel less soluble and by promoting remineralization. [Manson & Eley, 1995]At the same time, it interferes with the metabolism of plaque bacteria and so may help inhibit plaque acid production. [Slots & Taubman, 1992] Calcium glycerophosphate (CaGP) has been reported to increase the amount of fluoride that is taken up into tooth enamel. [Forward et al., 1979] CaGP present in the toothpaste has also been reported to increase the amount of calcium and phosphate available for the remineralization of enamel. [Duke et al., 1979]ANTIBACTERIAL AND pH-MODIFYING INGREDIENTSChlorhexidine salts are antimicrobial agents that are effective against a wide variety of bacteria. [Collins & Walsh, 1992] They have been reported to inhibit plaque acid production. [Manson & Eley, 1995; Marsh, 1992]Triclosan is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent in toothpaste and mouthwash. At low concentrations it interferes with the uptake of nutrients into bacterial cells and inhibits their growth. At higher concentrations, triclosan is bactericidal. [Zuckerbraum et al., 1998] Zinc salts exert an antimicrobial effect by inhibiting a variety of bacterial enzyme reactions, [Mandel, 1988] including the breakdown of sugar into plaque acid. Zinc, used in combination with other substances, has been shown to reduce calculus.It is also reported to be effective against halitosis as zinc ions have an affinity for sulfur compounds, reported to be primary components of bad breath, and convert offensive sulfur compounds to non-volatile substances. [Waler, 1997] Baking soda (bicarbonate of soda) has the potential to modify the pH of plaque, and possibly the activity of the bacteria that cause tooth decay. It may also interfere with plaque metabolism and so reduce acid production. [Legier-Vargas et al., 1995] Sodium lauryl sulfate is a foaming, cleaning and dispersing agent with antibacterial properties.

Examine Some of the Reasons Why Females Commit Less Crimes Than Males.

Examine some of the reasons why females may be less likely than males to commit crimes. Women in general seem to have a lower rate of offending than men. Some sociologists take the view that it is social factors rather than biological factors that cause the gender differences in offending. Sociologists have put forward three main explanations of gender differences in crime, which are the sex role theory, the control theory and the liberation thesis.The sex role theory and the control theory both give us explanations for why females are less likely than males to commit crimes, however the Liberation thesis argues this, and suggests there are no gender differences between male and female crime rates. Gender differences in crime began by focussing on differences in the socialisation of males and females. Boys are encouraged to be tough, aggressive and risk taking. This means they are more disposed to commit acts of violence and take advantage of criminal opportunities when they present themselves to them.Parson’s traced down differences in crime and deviance to the gender roles in nuclear families. Whilst men take the instrumental role of a breadwinner, women perform the expressive role in the home where they take the main responsibility to socialise the children. As girls have access to an adult role model and boys to not it means that, boys are likely to reject feminine models of behaviour that express tenderness, gentleness and emotion and distance themselves by engaging in ‘compensatory compulsory masculinity’ through aggression and anti-social behaviour that lead to acts of delinquency more than women.Furthermore, new right theorists argue that the absence of male role models in matrifocal lone parent families leads to boys turning criminal. Also, men have much less of a socialising role than women in the conventional nuclear family; therefore socialisation for boys is much more difficult compared to girls. Cohen argued that this relative lack of an adult male role model meant boys are more likely to turn to all male street gangs as a source of masculine identity. In these subcultural groups, status is earned by acts of toughness, risk taking and delinquency.However, this sex role theory is criticized by Sandra Walklate for its biological assumptions. Walklate argues that Parson’s assumption is that because women have the biological capacity to bear children, they are best suited to the expressive role. Furthermore, it is argued mainly by control theorists that women always conform to men and their role as a housewife. Heidensohn expanded on this control theorist view and suggested, due to women being a part of a patriarchal society it reduces their opportunity to offend as the nuclear family lifestyle at home acts as a prison to them.He further notes that men are able to impose this control upon women through domestic violence and by controlling their finances it limits their activities. Daughters are also su bject to patriarchal control. Girls are less likely to be allowed to come and go as they please or to stay out late. As a result they develop a ‘bedroom culture’ socialising at home with friends rather than in public places, they are also required to do more housework than boys. As a result they have less opportunity to take part in deviant activities.Conversely, what Heidensohn doesn’t take on board is that modern relationships nowadays are much more equal and as the liberation theory argues, women have many opportunities outside the home and there has been a large increase in independence for women. On the other hand, the liberation thesis debates that if society becomes less patriarchal and more equal then women’s crime rates will become similar to men’s. Put forward by Adler, she suggests that as women become liberated from patriarchy their crimes will become as frequent and as serious as men’s.Women’s liberation has led to a new t ype of female criminal and a rise in the female crime rate. The changes in the structure of society according to Adler have led to changes in women’s offending behaviour. As patriarchal controls and discrimination have lessened, and opportunities in work and work have become more equal, women have begun to adopt traditionally ‘male’ roles in both legitimate activity(work) and illegitimate activity (crime). As a result, women no longer commit traditional ‘female’ crimes such as shoplifting and prostitution.They now also commit typically ‘male’ offences such as crimes of violence and white collar crimes. This is because of women’s greater self -confidence and assertiveness, and the fact they now have greater opportunities in the legitimate structure. For example, there are more women in senior positions at work and this gives them the opportunity to commit serious white collar crimes such as fraud. To support her view, Adler argued that the pattern of female crime has shifted.She cited studies showing rising levels of female participation in crimes previously regarded as ‘male’ such as embezzlement and armed robbery. Nevertheless, many critics reject Adler’s liberation thesis by arguing, the female crime rate began rising in the 1950’s long before the women’s liberation movement, which emerged in the late 1960’s. Also that most female criminals are working class; they are least likely to be influenced by women’s liberation, which has benefited middle class women much more.According to Chesney- Lind in the USA poor and marginalised women are more likely to be criminals compared to liberated women. On the whole, it is arguable that females do commit fewer crimes than males simply due to their roles as housewives and the patriarchal society we live in today. Despite this, it is still considered through the liberation thesis that there are no gender differences with the rates of crimes between males and females.

The Leadership Styles And Behaviours Of The Ceo Of Virgin...

Assessment 2: Case Study Introduction Looking at the case study on leading in the 21st century, which is comprised of two short scenarios that describe situations in two very different companies, where the leadership styles and behaviours of the CEO of one company and the owner of the second company are evident on a day- to-day basis. Comparing Richard Branson’s (CEO of Virgin Group) leadership style, behaviour, and his impact on employee motivation with Terry Gou’s (Owner of Foxconn Factories) leadership style, behaviour and impact on employee motivation as well as suggesting improvements Gou could make to Foxconn to make it a more harmonious and less toxic workplace. Question 1 a) A democratic leadership style is exhibited by Richard Branson. Democratic leadership can be defined as the performance of three functions: distributing responsibility among the membership, empowering group members, and aiding the group s decision-making process (Gastil, 1994). ‘Branson values removing barriers in the corporate hierarchy and sharing ideas and social events with his workers. Listening to others is important to Branson, particularly his employees, as is allowing them to keep motivated through applying their skills in areas and new projects he is not as good at’. By Branson doing this he is strongly aiding the group’s decision making process, and distributing responsibility between his employees whilst keeping them motivated, which are qualities evident in a democratic leader.Show MoreRelatedLeadership Styles : Transformational Leadership1426 Words   |  6 Pagestransformational leadership styles have a major influence on the employee motivation and organisational culture, hence influence the long term success of the business. A number of key leadership styles, together with the transformational leadership will be discussed and linked to real business-world examples. According to the research, there are three main leadership styles, specifically transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire. It has been found that a transformational leadership style is typicallyRead MoreAnz Culture Study: Management Principles2275 Words   |  10 PagesThe ANZ bank wanted to change its public image and increase its staff morale, but obviously still maintain high profits. The CEO of ANZ, John McFarlane decided a change in its companies culture was required and went about implementing a change that could, like any change, make or break the organisation Question 1) Explain the term ‘corporate (or organizational) culture’, and discuss its importance to the operational success, or failure, or organisations. Corporate culture, also known as organisationalRead MoreLeadership Style Of Branson And Gou1510 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction This report looks at the two leadership styles and technique exhibited by both Sir Richard Branson and that of Mr. Terry Gou. Both leaders run their organisations with their own set of completely different characteristic traits and styles. The report will discuss how employees are treated at each organisation and what causes employees to be motivated or unmotivated while working for each particular organisation. The report discusses each different leadership style of Branson and Gou, by lookingRead MoreKey Issues Of Strategic Management2626 Words   |  11 Pagesof strategic management that have influenced the achievement and failures in Virgin Group. The case study will be focusing on three topics: Organisational culture, Leadership, Entrepreneur and Innovation. 2.0 Case study background According to Virgin (2014) Virgin is one of the world’s most recognised and respected brands. It is leading international investment group conceived in 1970 by Sir Richard Branson. Virgin is a broadened gathering of more than 200 privately held companies. AccordingRead MoreHuman Relation vs Human Resources4513 Words   |  19 Pagessocialisation and performance control. Which of these theories appears to be most consistent with the behaviour of contemporary managers? There are so many fallacies for instance the term of ‘human relations’ and ‘human resources’ where the contemporary organisation unseen the differences between this two approaches. Both human relations and human resources manager might use the same kind of organisational behaviour but for very different reasons (Miller 2009). Human relations approach emphasize on productivityRead MoreTransformational Leadership s Influence On Employee Engagement And Organisational Performance1573 Words   |  7 PagesEver since its conceptual introduction by Burns (1978), transformational leadership has been applied by numerous leaders over the years. It was later on developed by various academics, notably Bass (1985) with his presentation of the four pillars of transformational leadership – the four I’s – idealised influence/charisma, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation and individualised consideration. Observations have been made across these many studies about the transformational leadership’sRead MoreOrganizational Behaviour3984 Words   |  16 PagesOrganizational Behaviour Table of Contents: Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦3 Factors that determine successful performance †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦.4 Effect of Culture†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦4 Motivation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..5 Teamwork†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 Capable Credible Leadership†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.8 Obstacles to effective organizational performance †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..8 Conflict†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦8 Stress†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreEssay about Coaching and Mentor9220 Words   |  37 Pagesthroughout his career an very well respected Military officer who has spoken at many Buiness conventions on leadership . (Hooper and Potter2000 ;Hodgson 2004) argue that the small percentage could be increased through appropriate development and more self awareness. I John Adair book Fundamentals of Leadership 2005 he suggest that originations should focus on strategic aspects of leadership .He was able to define this to seven key elements . * Providing direction * Strategic planning Read MoreThe Mind of a Marketing Manager26114 Words   |  105 Pagesand, worse, to be all things to everyone is the downfall of many a company. Trying to be all things to everyone, but ending up not being special for anyone. Inspiration 4.1 JETBLUE Jet Blue is the revolutionary airline that has brought style to a price-discounting market, offering spacious leather seats, each equipped with 36 channels of live satellite entertainment, while most of its competitors crumbled around it. Launched by David Neeleman, Jet Blue now serves 30 carefully selectedRead MoreAre Leaders Made or Born: a Critique of Great Manand Trait Theories4094 Words   |  17 PagesIntroduction Leadership continues to be one of the most debated and studied topics in management and indeed society as a whole. This can be evidenced by the fact that if you search for leadership on Goggle 175,000,000 worldwide hits are recorded. Success in many arenas, whether it be business, the military, politics or the wider community is often primarily attributed to good leadership. Equally, organisational failure or under-performance is just as readily attributed to poor leadership. Leadership

Analysis of the Marketing Survey Conducted for AAA-Events Limited Research Paper

Essays on Analysis of the Marketing Survey Conducted for AAA-Events Limited Research Paper The paper â€Å"Analysis of the Marketing Survey Conducted for AAA-Events Limited† is an affecting variant of research paper on marketing. According to Houtkoop-Steenstra (2000), survey interviewing is an important source of data. Likewise, this author says that the state of the survey through flexible interviewing is reliant on standardization. Standardization is important to get more reliable data. This consequently would generate sound synthesis, conclusion, and recommendation.This will be the basic principle that will be adopted in the conduct of a marketing survey for AAA-Events Limited. This is a wedding and private parties company planning to open their office in the Ealing Area, South Ealing Road, London. The feasibility of putting up a market outlet in this populated area will be determined.After the completion of the survey and analysis, the result of this survey will be a very crucial component of the marketing study that this company is conducting. After a thorough analysis, generalizations about the population based on the sample will be conducted. If this survey for AAA-Events limited turned out to be successful, the survey method adopted in this case will be proven to be a powerful tool to determine the market needs in the Ealing area of London.The process of marketing the product or service can be also determined by the survey method. Based on the feedback from the respondents, ample information can be gathered with regards to how to market the products and services. This survey will help in learning more about the target market. Their preferences are crucial in coming up with the more appropriate products or services that this target market needs.It will be difficult for firms like AAA-Events Limited to differentiate their products and services on the basis of functional attributes alone. In this sense, they can simply get insights from the promotional strategies of identical products and services and take advantage of their value. This has resulted in products and services that have become functionally more similar to each other (Phau and Lau, 2000). Consequently, products and services that are only based on the functional attributes have met critical limitations.Analysis of the Marketing Survey Conducted for the AAA-Events LimitedTo conduct a marketing survey for the AAA-Events Unlimited, the current situation in the market on the industry status of private party services and products was analyzed. To determine this, the most logical way employed is through the examination of the perception of the customers on private party company as a result of the promotional efforts of companies under this industry sector.The survey questionnaire for this purpose was designed to obtain data and information which can be used to compare and analyze the respondents’ needs and expectations. The design of the survey questionnaire takes into consideration some theoretical as well as methodological challenges for our cognitiv e research. The methodologies employed in drafting the survey questionnaire include avoidance of sexist bias. Modern researches of today are conscious of this. This study determines the promotional tactics that influence their choice(s).Before drafting the marketing survey questionnaire, extensive research has to be made on the usual or common private party material needs of the people. Research on the promotional tactics that are usually influencing the choice of private party materials should also be conducted to determine the variables that will be tested in the experimentation through a survey method.

Essay on Critique - 2070 Words

Competing Technology Options and Stakeholder Interests for Tracking Freight Railcars in Indian Railways Case Analysis Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador Submitted by: Vanessa Roche Submitted to: Paul Sherren Date: July 29th, 2015 Teaching Case Shirish C Srivastava, Sharat S Mathur, Thompson SH Teo (2009). Journal of Information Technology. Competing technology options and stakeholder interests for tracking freight railcars in Indian Railways. Abstract This case analysis, Competing technology options and stakeholder interests for tracking freight railcars in Indian Railways will focus on alternative analysis on multiple types of technological options for undertaking a pilot project based on time-tested†¦show more content†¦The problem this imposed was manual recording was tedious and stressful for staff and introduced errors in the Freight Operations Systems database causing delays in tracking processes; cost also being a huge downfall. Now in the current day, according to forecasting, the market competiveness has increased substantially in real time shipment, just-in-time inventories, etc with the demands of companies and customers; therefore, the need to track individual freights more accurately to compete with trucks on the improved highways. An increase in freight loading, newer and more efficient methods are required to enhance the utilization of capacity. There are different alternatives suggested in this case analys is to enhance utilization, cut costs, increase accuracy and compete in the market more efficiently. These non-structural alternatives to previous methods (hand recording database), are as follows: EPC Gen2-based RFID systems, Global Positioning System solutions, Optical Character Recognition (OCR)-based systems, and manual hand-held data collection devices integrated with the current Freight Operations System, orShow MoreRelatedInstitutional Critique Essay1942 Words   |  8 Pagessomeone enters an art gallery, they believe they are going to view art, but under the guise of Institutional Critique, this notion often false. Instead of being the traditional art of painting, sculptures, and installations, viewers encounter, in the work of Hans Haacke, Daniel Buren, and Michael Asher in the 1970s, not much to look at, but a lot to think about. 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Within the Transcendental Aesthetic, Kant focuses on confirming that space and time are a priori intuitions. He provides reasoning and arguments as to why they are transcendentally ideal but empirically real, making space and time subjectively necessary for experiences. Simultaneously, Kant distinguishes space and time from secondary qualities, which belong to our sensesRead MoreSpeech Critique : Critique And Critique782 Words   |  4 PagesSpeech Critique (Self-Critique=2 x 25 Possible Points) (Peer Critique=25 Possible Points) For the process and informative speeches you will view the video of your presentation and critique yourself. Your responses to the questions below will be submitted to the D2L dropbox as a MS Word file by the date designated on the syllabus for each speech. You will use the same questions for your peer critique. 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The author of, Interpreting Kant’s Critiques, Karl Ameriks, believes that Kant’s philosophy shows us that commonality can be found between common sense, philosophy, modern science and rationality (Ameriks). In the Critique of Pure Reason, Kant’s focus is to determine the boundaries and extent of pure reason. In layman’s terms, he wants to know what reason can establish independentRead MoreCritique And Critique Of Kantian Ethics1812 Words   |  8 PagesColin Rinne PHI 110 Ethics Kant Analysis and Critique 3 November 2014 Examination of Kantian Ethics â€Å"There is no possibility of thinking of anything at all in this world, or even out of it, which can be regarded as good without qualifications, except a good will.† (Kant, pg.7 393). No other thing that may appear good can be unqualifiedly good, as even â€Å"Talents of the mind†¦Gifts of power†¦[Other] qualities†¦Have no intrinsic unconditional worth, but they always presuppose, rather, a good will, whichRead MoreEssay The Critical Philosophy of Immanuel Kant2525 Words   |  11 Pages Criticism is Kants original achievement; it identifies him as one of the greatest thinkers of mankind and as one of the most influential authors in contemporary philosophy. But it is important to understand what Kant means bycriticism, or critique. In a general sense the term refers to a general cultivation of reason by way of the secure path of science (Bxxx). 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Julius Caesar Persuasion Essay free essay sample

Soon after the last breaths of one of Rome’s most popular general, Julius Caesar, Antony and Brutus were speaking in front of the people of Rome. Both cunning leaders were nimble in the art of persuasion and manipulation. The beloved leaders used the Ethos, Pathos, and Logos methods of persuasion to sway the crowd to his respective view of the actions of the night and their former general Julius Caesar. Initially the power ethos was used by Brutus to affect the crowds’ ethical standpoint on Julius Caesar. Brutus knew the Plebeians treasured Caesar and he knew that they gave Brutus a similar level of admiration. Brutus used his veneration to make the crowd believe the conspirators were doing the appropriate thing in killing Caesar. Brutus expected the crowd to believe whatever he said because of the respect they have for him. Antony did not use Ethos as a technique to persuade the Plebeians. We will write a custom essay sample on Julius Caesar Persuasion Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Another method of persuasion used by Brutus was Logos, or the logical method. Brutus explained why it was only logical for Caesar to be stopped. Brutus portrayed Caesar’s death as a necessary evil. Brutus shows that he too loves Caesar, possibly more than the people, but Caesar has great potential to be a devastating tyrant. Antony uses the Logos to persuade the people as well. Antony uses the Logos method by showing the Romans Caesar’s will. The will persuades the citizens that Caesar cared very much for Rome and it’s citizens Finally the Pathos method of persuasion is used. Brutus uses the Pathos method to manipulate the Plebeians by using rhetorical devices such as the obvious questions that he asks the people in the crowd that are clearly relatable and significant to their general, Julius Caesar. Antony uses the Pathos method to persuade the people as well. When Antony manipulated the Plebeians he showed how great Caesar was by exaggerating Caesar’s positive actions and characteristics. By doing this, Antony tries to show the Plebeians how honorable and victorious Caesar was and how much they used to adore him. In conclusion, two of the most influential Roman leaders manipulated and persuaded their citizens by incredible speech craft. Antony and Brutus combined the powers of Ethos, Logos, and Pathos to persistently sway the crowd at Caesars funeral. In the end, Antony’s handling of the power of Pathos gave his word more weight against Brutus’, thus swaying the crowd’s heart in his favor. The conspirators were no match to the word of the King Antony.

What is Cash an Example of the Topic Economics Essays by

What is Cash? Introduction Cash as a transaction medium Cash is frequently associated with money in societies. Indeed it is one of the most common mediums through which goods and services are exchange for. In this respect cash holds an importance to society due to its potential to transfer goods and services. In the forthcoming sections an examination of the role of money in the business environment will be conducted. Need essay sample on "What is Cash?" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Role of Money The purchasing power capability of money in the business environment led to the development of a considerable number of procedures in the accounting and finance field. Cash is frequently regarded as the lifeblood of the organisation. Without it the organisation will perish in a few weeks. Cash will affect both the organisation internally and external individuals/entities that are linked with the company. The individuals/entities affected by cash and the influence of such element are described below (Pike et al. 1999, pp 7-8): Customers as already pinpointed in section 1 cash serves as a very common medium through which goods and services are exchange. Therefore the client can conduct a sale with the business through cash. Suppliers it is true that it is common practice that credit terms are set between suppliers and the organization. However, the possibility that the final payment is conducted in cash is still very high. The organization can also perform cash purchases and again cash serves as the medium through which the goods are bought from the supplier. Employees the staff of the organization are paid remuneration at the end of month in line with the employment contract. Cash again serves as a direct or indirect medium that sustains the contract of employment. Indeed in the absence of cash the employee will stop working in the organisation. If the employee is paid directly in cash there is a direct effect. If the employee is paid through a bank automated clearing system, even though the money is electronically transferred to the bank the employee will still eventually withdraw cash to meet the day-to-day expenditure, leading to an indirect effect. Lenders providers of debt finance also initiate transactions with the organisation through cash. In such a stance cash serves as the medium to transfer the loan, which in turn will lead to interest paid in cash and capital repayments paid also in cash. Government cash is also another key player for the Government. The corporate taxation that the Government collects is in the form of cash and any monetary grants that the government provides are also transcribed into cash. Equity Investors the shareholders, which in accordance to the Companies Act 1985 are the legitimate owners of the company also utilise cash to commence transactions with the firm. Whenever share capital is issued, cash is provided by the investors to acquire the shares. The return provided by the company to shareholders, commonly known as dividends is also in the form of cash. As one can noted from the points above, cash is an extremely important element for the organisation. Indeed in Finance, a number of methods have been developed to assess the cash capability of the organisation. For instance the cash conversion cycle equation is utilised by financial analysts to determine the number of days taken by the company to convert the inputs of production into cash flow (Investopedia 2009). More elaborate techniques have been developed in order to control other current assets and thus ensure a sound cash flow. For example, a financial manager keeps a keen eye to ensure that not a lot of money is tied up in stock. If the organisation keeps high levels of stock, there is the risk of cash problems, because substantial money is tied up in stock. In these respect methods like the Economic Order Quantity has been developed to keep a good balance of cash (Pike et al. 1999, p 401). Companies like Toyota have gone further to diminish the burden of stock on cash by developing techniques like Just-in-Time Inventory (Lucey 2003, p 578). Particular attention is also devoted to the credit terms provided to debtors and granted from creditors in order to ensure a sound cash balance. Indeed large organisations develop a Credit Control Department who holds the Reporting of Money to External Users At this stage one can understand the importance of cash for the organisation. In this respect management hold the responsibility to report in a true and fair view the cash flow of the organisation. In fact one can find the Cash Flow Statement as an integral part of the financial statements in line with applicable standards (IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements 2000, p 82). The Cash Flow Statements is a statement that outlines the cash movements during a particular time frame, classified between operating, investing and financing activities (Weetman 2003, pp 183-184) . Such statement will be examined carefully by interested users in order to evaluate their economic decisions and thus enhance good cash in their pockets. References: IAS 1- Presentation of Financial Statements (2000). International Accounting Standards. London: International Accounting Standards Committee. Investopedia (2009). Cash Conversion Cycle (on line). Available from: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/cashconversioncycle.asp (Accessed 13th April 2009). Lucey T. (2003). Management Accounting. Fifth Edition. London: Continuum. Pike R. and Neale B. (1999). Corporate Finance and Investments. Third Edition. London: Prentice Hall. Weetman P. (2003). Financial and Management Accounting. Third Edition. London: Prentice Hall.